Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1989 amended text

CLAIM CONNECTIONS / 11

Where this source is used

• The amended 1989 constitutional design combines elected offices and separate branches with binding Islamic-law review and extensive powers assigned to religiously qualified institutions; this placement describes those institutions, not Islam or Shi'a traditions.

  • supports · articles 4, 6, 57, 91–99, and 107–112

• Article 2 grounds the Islamic Republic in belief in one God, divine sovereignty and legislation, revelation, and leadership, while also naming human dignity, reason, science, and public participation.

  • supports · article 2

• Article 112 provides for an Expediency Council appointed by the Leader to address specified disputes between parliament and the Guardian Council and advise the Leader.

  • supports · article 112

• Articles 91 and 92 establish twelve Guardian Council members: six Islamic jurists selected by the Leader and six lawyers elected by parliament from nominees of the judiciary chief.

  • supports · articles 91–92

• Article 99 assigns the Guardian Council supervision of elections for the Assembly of Experts, presidency, parliament, and referenda.

  • supports · article 99

• Articles 93 through 96 make the Guardian Council necessary to ordinary parliamentary validity and assign it review of legislation for Islamic and constitutional conformity.

  • supports · articles 93–96

• Article 4 requires civil, criminal, financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations to conform to Islamic criteria, with Guardian Council jurists judging conformity.

  • supports · article 4

• Article 110 assigns the Leader powers including setting general policies, commanding the armed forces, declaring war and peace, making senior appointments, and confirming or dismissing the president under specified rules.

  • supports · article 110

• Articles 107 and 111 assign the elected Assembly of Experts authority to designate and, under specified conditions, dismiss the Leader.

  • supports · articles 107 and 111

• Article 6 states that public affairs are administered through elections and referenda, including elections for the presidency, parliament, and councils.

  • supports · article 6

• Article 57 assigns legislative, executive, and judicial powers to separate branches while placing them under the supervision of the absolute religious Leader.

  • supports · article 57